Mousterian Handaxe, FranceNeanderthals (the th is pronounced as t) are our closest extinct human relatives that lived in Europe through Eurasia ~ 450,000 to 40,000 years ago. Actually, almost all modern humans (outside a small section of Africa) have ~ 2% of their genome related to Neanderthal. The extinct Neanderthal had unique features, such as a large middle part of the face, angled cheek bones, and their noses were significantly larger than modern man's nose, for